Bài tập mệnh đề when và mệnh đề if trong tiếng Anh là tài liệu vô cùng hữu ích, gồm nhiều dạng bài tập mệnh đề thông dụng, giúp bạn học tiếng Anh dễ dàng hơn.
Hi vọng với tài liệu này các bạn có thêm nhiều tài liệu học tập, củng cố kiến thức ngữ pháp tiếng Anh đạt hiệu quả cao. Chúc các bạn ôn tập và đạt được kết quả cao trong các kì thi sắp tới.
Bài tập mệnh đề when và mệnh đề if trong tiếng Anh
A. Ví dụ tình huống
– A: What time will you phone me tomorrow?
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Mấy giờ ngày mai bạn sẽ gọi điện cho mình?
– B: I’ll phone you when I get home from work.
Mình sẽ gọi cho bạn khi đi làm về.
“I’ll phone you when I get home from work.” là một câu có hai thành phần:
Thành phần chính: “I’ll phone you”
Thành phần chỉ thời gian (when …): “when I get home from work. (tomorrow)”
Thời gian đề cập trong câu này ở thì tương lai (tomorrow) nhưng chúng ta sử dụng thì hiện tại đơn (get) trong mệnh đề chỉ thời gian (when …) của câu.
Chúng ta không sử dụng will trong mệnh đề when này. Ví dụ:
– We’ll go out when it stops raining. (KHÔNG nói “when it will stop”)
Chúng ta sẽ đi khi trời tạnh mưa.
– When you are in London again, you must come and see us. (KHÔNG nói “when you will be”)
Khi bạn đến London lần nữa, bạn nhớ đến thăm chúng tôi nhé.
– (said to a child) What do you want to be when you grow up? (KHÔNG nói “will grow”)
(nói với một đứa trẻ) Khi cháu lớn lên cháu muốn sẽ làm gì?
Cách sử dụng tương tự cho các từ chỉ thời gian khác: while, before, after, as soon as, until, till.
Ví dụ:
– I’m going to read a lot of books while I’m on holiday. (KHÔNG nói “while I will be”)
Tôi sẽ đọc nhiều sách khi tôi đi nghỉ.
– I’m going back home on Sunday. Before I go, I’d like to visit the museum.
Tôi sẽ về nhà vào Chủ nhật. Trước khi về, tôi muốn đi thăm viện bảo tàng.
– Wait here until (hoặc till) I come back.
Hãy đợi ở đây cho tới khi tôi trở lại.
B. Sử dụng thì Hiện tại hoàn thành sau when/after/util/as soon as
Bạn cũng có thể sử dụng thì Hiện tại hoàn thành (Present Perfect) sau các từ when/after/util/as soon as.
Ví dụ:
– Can I borrow that book when you’ve finished it?
Tôi có thể mượn cuốn sách khi bạn đọc xong được không?
– Don’t say anything while Ian is here. Wait until he has gone.
Đừng nói gì cả trong lúc Ian đang ở đây. Hãy đợi cho đến khi anh ấy đi khỏi.
Thường thì chúng ta có thể sử dụng cả thì Hiện tại đơn hoặc thì Hiện tại hoàn thành sau các từ trên.
Ví dụ:
– I’ll come as soon as I finish
hoặc I’ll come as soon as I’ve finished.
Tôi sẽ đến khi tôi xong việc.
– You’ll feel better after you have something to eat.
hoặc You’ll feel better after you’ve had something to eat.
Bạn sẽ cảm thấy khỏe hơn khi bạn ăn một chút gì đó.
C. Bài tập ôn luyện
Bài 1: Complete the sentences using the verbs in brackets.All the sentences are about the future. Use will/won’t or the present simple.
1. I’ll phone (phone) you when I get (get) home from work.
2. I want to see Julia before she …. (go) out
3. We’re going on holiday tomorrow. I …. (tell) you all about it when
we …. (come) back.
4. Brian looks very diffierent now. When you…(see) him again, you ….
(not/recognize) him.
5. …. (you/be) lonely without me while I …. (be) away?
6. We must do something soon before it …. (be) too late.
7. I don’t want to go without you, I …. (wait) until you …. (be) ready.
8. Sue has applied for the job, but she isn’t very well-qualified for it,
I …. (be) surprised if she …. (get) it.
9. I hope to play tennis tomorrow if the weather ….. (be) nice.
10. I’m going out now. If anybody …. (phone) while I …. (be) out can
you take a message?
Bài 2. Make one sentence from two.
1. It will stop raining soon. Then we’ll go out.
We’ll go out when it stops raining.
2. I’ll find somewhere to live. Then I’ll give you my address.
I …………….. when …………….
3. I’ll do the shoping . Then I’ll come straighr back home.
…………….. after ……………..
4. It’s going t oget dark. Let’s go home before that.
…………….. before ……………..
5. She must apologize to me first. I won’t speak to her until then.
…………….. until ……………..
Bài 3: Read the situations and complete the sentences.
1. A friend of yours is going on holiday. You want to know what she is
going to do
YOU ask: What are you going to do when you are on holiday?
2. A friend of yours is visiting you. She has to go soon but maybe there’s
time for some more coffee.
YOU ask: Would you like some more coffee before …………….?
3. You want to sell your car. Jim is interested in buying it, but he hasn’t
decided yet.
YOU ask: Can you let me know as soon as ……………………?
4. Your friends are going to New York soon. You want to know where there
going to stay
YOU ask: Where are you going to stay when ………………….?
5. The traffic is very bad in your town, but they are building a new road
at the moment.
YOU say: I think things will be better when they …………….
Bài 4: Put in when or if.
1. Don’t worry if I’m late tonight
2. Tom might phone while I’m out this evening ……… he does, can you take a message?
3. I’m going to Rome next week. ………. I’m there I hope to visit a friend of mine.
4. I think Jill will get the job. I’ll be very surprised ……… she doesn’t get it.
5. I’m going shopping. ……… you want anything I can get it for you.
6. I’m going away for a few days. I’ll phone you …….. I get back.
7. i want you to come to the party, but …….. you don’t want to come that’s all right.
8. We can eat at home or, ……… you prefer, we can go to a restaurant.
D. Đáp án bài tập
Bài 1:
2. goes
3. will tell …. come
4. see …. won’t recognise
5. Will you be …. am
6. is
7. will wait …. are
8. will be …. gets
9. is
10. phones …. am
Bài 2
2. I’ll give you my address when I find somewhere to live
3. I’ll come straight back home after I do the shopping
4. Let’s go home before it gets dark
5. I won’t speak to her until she apologises
Bài 3
2. you go
3. you decide
4. you are in New York
5. finish the new road
Bài 4.
2. if
3. when
4. if
5. if
6. when
7. if
8. if
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